Antal Doráti’s complete Haydn and Mozart recordings for Mercury, predating his landmark collection of the Haydn cycle for Decca.
In 1966 the Stereo Review critic made a prescient observation: ‘Doráti here establishes himself as a first-rate Haydn conductor.’ There is the passion of advocacy as well as the foundational principles of his Haydn performing style in these early recordings: ‘Only a few of his works were done and were always repeated,’ Doráti remarked in interview. ‘The reason for that, I think, is just human modesty. The taste of a public is modest; they are satisfied with little. But that is why we are here – to show them a wider horizon … Haydn began as a talent and ended up as a genius’.
Unlike many of his colleagues, Doráti took pleasure in the process of recording, establishing a happy and concordant working relationship with the husband-and-wife Mercury team of Robert and Wilma Cozart Fine. One of the first fruits of that relationship was a pairing of Mozart’s 40th and Mendelssohn’s 4th symphonies, made in Minneapolis where Doráti was music director and released in 1953 (the ‘Italian’ has been reissued separately by Eloquence, coupled with Doráti’s Schumann and more Mendelssohn, 484 0506). There followed Eine kleine Nachtmusik coupled with the ‘Linz’ in 1956, and a stereo remake of the 40th in 1961. The rarity here is the ‘Mozartiana’ LP from 1967, gathering up the Overture to Lucio Silla with marches and dances, and never previously issued complete on CD.
In the meanwhile, Doráti had embarked upon what would be the largest Haydn discography of any conductor with the ‘Farewell’ Symphony, from the same sessions as the stereo remake of Mozart’s 40th. He picked a judicious path through mostly named symphonies (‘Fire’, ‘Surprise’, ‘Military’, ‘Clock’ and ‘Drum Roll’) calculated to appeal to consumers hitherto hardly familiar with the extent of Haydn’s symphonic achievement, conducting the LSO, the Bath Festival Orchestra (‘Festival Chamber Orchestra’) and his own Philharmonia Hungarica. The fire and brilliance of these early recordings sometimes exceeds the later Decca remakes within Doráti’s complete cycle.
CD 1
WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART (1756–1791)
1–4 Symphony No. 40 (mono recording)*
Minneapolis Symphony Orchestra
5 Le nozze di Figaro: Overture*
London Symphony Orchestra
6 Lucio Silla: Overture
7–8 Two Marches, KV 335
9 March, KV 249
10 Minuet, KV 409
11–13 Three German Dances, KV 605
Festival Chamber Orchestra
14–17 Serenade, KV 525 ‘Eine kleine Nachtmusik’
London Symphony Orchestra
CD 2
1–4 Symphony No. 36 ‘Linz’*
5–8 Symphony No. 40 (stereo recording)*
London Symphony Orchestra
JOSEPH HAYDN (1732–1809)
9–12 Symphony No. 59 ‘Fire’*
Festival Chamber Orchestra
CD 3
1–4 Symphony No. 45 ‘Farewell’*
London Symphony Orchestra
5–8 Symphony No. 81*
Festival Chamber Orchestra
9–12 Symphony No. 94 ‘Surprise’*
Philharmonia Hungarica
CD 4
1–4 Symphony No. 100 ‘Military’*
5–8 Symphony No. 101 ‘The Clock’*
London Symphony Orchestra
9–12 Symphony No. 103 ‘Drum Roll’*
Philharmonia Hungarica
WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART (1756–1791)
13 Symphony No. 51, KV 196/121: Allegro
Festival Chamber Orchestra
Antal Doráti
*FIRST CD RELEASE ON DECCA
Recording Producers: Wilma Cozart (Haydn: Symphonies Nos. 100, 101,); Harold Lawrence (Haydn: Symphony No. 45; Mozart: Symphony No. 40: stereo recording, Le nozze di Figaro, Lucio Silla, Marches, Symphony KV 196/121, Minuet KV 409, German Dances); Alan Melville (Mozart: Symphonies Nos. 36, Eine kleine Nachtmusik)
Recording Engineers: C. Robert Fine (Haydn: Symphonies Nos. 45, 100, 101; Mozart: Symphony No. 40, Le nozze di Figaro); Hans Lauterslager (Mozart: Lucio Silla, Marches, Symphony KV 196/121, Minuet KV 409, German Dances)
Recording Locations: Northrop Auditorium, Minneapolis, USA, 27–29 April 1952 (Mozart: Symphony No. 40: mono recording); Watford Town Hall, Hertfordshire, UK, 7 & 9 July 1957 (Haydn: Symphony No. 100), 7, 8 & 10 July 1957 (Haydn: Symphony No. 101), 26 July 1962 (Mozart: Le nozze di Figaro), 4 August 1965 (Mozart: Lucio Silla, Marches, Symphony KV 196/121, Minuet KV 409, German Dances), 22 June 1961 (Haydn: Symphony No. 45), 23 June 1961 (Mozart: Symphony No. 40: stereo recording), 6–7 August 1965 (Haydn: Symphonies Nos. 59 & 81); Walthamstow Town Hall, London, UK, 6 July 1956 (Mozart: Eine kleine Nachtmusik, Symphony No. 36); Konzerthaus, Vienna, Austria, 2–3 June 1958 (Haydn: Symphonies Nos. 94 & 103)
Original Mercury Living Presence LP Releases: MG 50010 (Mozart: Symphony No. 40 mono recording): 1953; SR2 9134 (Le nozze di Figaro): 1971; SR 90438 (Mozart: Lucio Silla, Marches, Symphony KV 196/121, Minuet KV 409, German Dances): 1967; SR 90280 (Haydn: Symphony No. 45, Mozart: Symphony No. 40 stereo recording): 1962; SR 90436 (Haydn: Symphonies Nos. 59 & 81): 1966; SR 90208 (Haydn: Symphonies Nos. 94 & 103): 1959; SR 90155 (Haydn: Symphonies Nos. 100 & 101): 1960; SR 90121 Mozart: Symphony No. 36; Eine kleine Nachtmusik): 1957
“There is a great deal of vitality … The LSO plays with spirit and refinement and every detail of orchestration is clearly caught; the ‘Turkish’ music in Symphony No. 100 is quite overwhelming.” Gramophone, September 1958 (Haydn Nos. 100 & 101)
“The finales, so often rushed, are very nicely paced; the gain in clarity makes them sound more brilliant, not less. This is true of the whole of the ‘Surprise’.” Gramophone, May 1961 (Haydn Nos. 94 & 103)
“Doráti gets feeling as well as precision and polish from his men. Except for one or two frantic trills in the high horns in No. 59, the orchestra turns in a first-class performance.” High Fidelity, March 1966 (Haydn Nos. 59 & 81)
“A fine synthesis of lyrical resiliency and zestful vitality is evident throughout both of these performances. The Mercury recording, done in London, has sparkle, bite, and weight.” Stereo Review, May 1966 (Haydn Nos. 59 & 81)
“Both of these popular symphonies are given firm, vital readings, employing a large but not swollen orchestra. The precision of the playing is outstanding, and the individual instrumental contributions are beautifully realized.” Stereo Review, July 1965 (Haydn Nos. 94 & 100)
“Doráti has frequently shown himself to be an unusually perceptive conductor of the symphonies of Haydn and Mozart, and this is the case with his recording of the ‘Linz’, a fleet and intimate performance that also has considerable poetry. It is splendidly played by the London Symphony Orchestra and recorded with transparent clarity.” Stereo Review